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knowledge organization
The term knowledge organization (KO) (or "organization of knowledge", "organization of information" or "information organization") designates a field of study related to Library and Information Science (LIS). In this meaning, KO is about activities such as document description, indexing and classification performed in libraries, databases, archives etc. These activities are done by librarians, archivists, subject specialists as well as by computer algorithms. KO as a field of study is concerned with the nature and quality of such knowledge organizing processes (KOP) (such as taxonomy and ontology) as well as the knowledge organizing systems (KOS) used to organize documents, document representations and concepts.
There exist different historical and theoretical approaches to and theories about organizing knowledge, which are related to different views of knowledge, cognition, language, and social organization. Each of these approaches tends to answer the question: “What is knowledge organization?” differently.
Traditional human-based activities are increasingly challenged by computer-based retrieval techniques. It is appropriate to investigate the relative contributions of different approaches; the current challenges make it imperative to reconsider this understanding.
The leading journal in this field is ''Knowledge Organization''〔Knowledge Organization. http://www.isko.org/ko.html〕 published by the International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO). See also "Lifeboat for Knowledge Organization".〔Hjørland, Birger (ed.). Lifeboat for Knowledge Organization. Available at: http://www.iva.dk/bh/lifeboat_ko/home.htm〕
==Theoretical approaches==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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